全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58858篇 |
免费 | 6857篇 |
国内免费 | 10107篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 39343篇 |
晶体学 | 1900篇 |
力学 | 4142篇 |
综合类 | 489篇 |
数学 | 9784篇 |
物理学 | 20164篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 106篇 |
2023年 | 577篇 |
2022年 | 953篇 |
2021年 | 1304篇 |
2020年 | 1859篇 |
2019年 | 1686篇 |
2018年 | 1579篇 |
2017年 | 1866篇 |
2016年 | 2416篇 |
2015年 | 2275篇 |
2014年 | 2956篇 |
2013年 | 4778篇 |
2012年 | 4543篇 |
2011年 | 3753篇 |
2010年 | 3094篇 |
2009年 | 3930篇 |
2008年 | 4149篇 |
2007年 | 4310篇 |
2006年 | 3874篇 |
2005年 | 3465篇 |
2004年 | 3222篇 |
2003年 | 2829篇 |
2002年 | 2261篇 |
2001年 | 1629篇 |
2000年 | 1630篇 |
1999年 | 1404篇 |
1998年 | 1219篇 |
1997年 | 1084篇 |
1996年 | 982篇 |
1995年 | 920篇 |
1994年 | 830篇 |
1993年 | 659篇 |
1992年 | 659篇 |
1991年 | 445篇 |
1990年 | 371篇 |
1989年 | 303篇 |
1988年 | 282篇 |
1987年 | 215篇 |
1986年 | 174篇 |
1985年 | 196篇 |
1984年 | 161篇 |
1983年 | 76篇 |
1982年 | 113篇 |
1981年 | 99篇 |
1980年 | 82篇 |
1979年 | 92篇 |
1978年 | 66篇 |
1977年 | 80篇 |
1976年 | 67篇 |
1973年 | 52篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Juan Luis García Guirao Jaume Llibre Wei Gao 《Journal of Difference Equations and Applications》2020,26(2):203-208
The objective of this work is to present sufficient conditions for having positive topological entropy for continuous self-maps defined on a closed surface by using the action of this map on the homological groups of the closed surface. 相似文献
92.
93.
Umie F.M. Haziz Rosenani A. Haque Shun-Ze Zhan Hassan H. Abdallah Mohd R. Razali 《应用有机金属化学》2020,34(10):e5818
The synthesis and characterizations for a series of dinuclear gold (I)-di-NHC complexes, 1–8 through the trans-metalation method of their respective silver (I)-di-NHC complexes, i–viii are reported (where NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene). The successful complexation of a series of unusual non-symmetrical and symmetrical di-NHC ligands, 3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)-1-alkylbenzimidazolium-1'-butylbenzimidazolium (with alkyl = methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, benzyl) with the gold (I) ions are suggested by elemental analysis, Fourier transform-infrared, 1H- and 13C-NMR data. The 13C-NMR spectra of 1–8 show a singlet sharp peak in the range of 190.00–192.00 ppm, indicating the presence of a carbene carbon that bonded to the gold (I) ion. From single crystal X-ray diffraction data, the structure of complex 6 with the formula of [di-NHC-Au (I)]2·2PF6 is obtained [where NHC = 3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)-1-hexylbenzimidazolium-1'-butylbenzimidazolium]. The photophysical study in solid state of 6 displays an intense photoluminescence with a strong emission maxima, λem = 480 nm, upon excitation at 340 nm at room temperature. Interestingly, the emission maximum at 77 K shows a structural character with a strong peak at 410 nm, a medium at 433 nm and a weak at 387 nm, accompanied by a tail band to about 500 nm. 相似文献
94.
Alkynes cycloaddition reactions are powerful tools for constructing cyclic molecules with optimal atom efficiency, but these reactions cannot proceed at ambient temperature without transition-metal catalysts. In this work, a heterobimetallic complex featuring an Nb–Fe triple bond, Nb(iPrNPMe2)3Fe–PMe3, has been evaluated as the potential catalyst for acetylene cycloaddition, using density functional theory. The calculated results show that the singlet-state (i.e. ground-state) Nb(iPrNPMe2)3Fe–PMe3 can be applied to benzene synthesis, but is not suitable for cyclobutadiene. Benzene can be obtained easily at room temperature and is the unique product on the singlet potential surface. The irradiation of infrared-red light can drive the excitation of singlet Nb(iPrNPMe2)3Fe–PMe3 to its triplet state. Both benzene and cyclobutadiene can be formed on the triplet reaction potential surface due to their low energy barriers. Therefore, Nb(iPrNPMe2)3Fe–PMe3 is a potential high reactivity heterobimetallic catalyst for the cyclotrimerization of alkynes. In the reaction process, the catalytic active site of Nb(iPrNPMe2)3Fe–PMe3 moves from niobium to iron. 相似文献
95.
Renny Mathew Karolina A. Uchman Lydia Gkoura Chris J. Pickard Maria Baias 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2020,58(11):1018-1025
A combined experimental and computational approach was used to distinguish between different polymorphs of the pharmaceutical drug aspirin. This method involves the use of ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS), a density functional theory (DFT)-based crystal structure prediction method for the high-accuracy prediction of polymorphic structures, with DFT calculations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) parameters and solid-state NMR experiments at natural abundance. AIRSS was used to predict the crystal structures of form-I and form-II of aspirin. The root-mean-square deviation between experimental and calculated 1H chemical shifts was used to identify form-I as the polymorph present in the experimental sample, the selection being successful despite the large similarities between the molecular environments in the crystals of the two polymorphs. 相似文献
96.
Dr. Qi Hu Guomin Li Zhen Han Ziyu Wang Xiaowan Huang Dr. Hengpan Yang Prof. Qianling Zhang Prof. Jianhong Liu Prof. Chuanxin He 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(18):3930-3942
Recently, nonmetal doping has exhibited its great potential for boosting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of transition-metal (TM)-based electrocatalysts. To this end, this work overviews the recent achievements made on the design and development of the nonmetal-doped TM-based electrocatalysts and their performance for the HER. It is also shown that by rationally doping nonmetal elements, the electronic structures of TM-based electrocatalysts can be effectively tuned and in turn the Gibbs free energy of the TM for adsorption of H* intermediates (ΔGH*) optimized, consequently enhancing the intrinsic activity of TM-based electrocatalysts. Notably, we highlight that concurrently doping two nonmetal elements can continuously and precisely regulate the electronic structures of the TM, thereby maximizing the activity for HER. Moreover, nonmetal doping also accounts for enhancing the physical properties of the TM (i.e. surface area). Therefore, nonmetal doping is a robust strategy for simultaneous regulation of the chemical and physical features of the TM. 相似文献
97.
98.
This study extends the investigation of quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field by taking into account cosmic expansion and contraction.Cheung,Drewes,Kang,and Kim calculated the effective action and quantum dissipative effects of a cosmological scalar field in a recent work,where analytical expressions for the effective potential and damping coefficient were presented using a simple scalar model with quartic interactions,and the work was conducted using Minkowski-space propagators in loop diagrams.In this work,we incorporate the Hubble expansion and contraction of the cosmic background and focus on the thermal dynamics of a scalar field in a regime where the effective potential changes slowly.Given that the Hubble parameter,H,attains a small but non-zero value,we carry out calculations to the first order in H.If we set H=0,all results match those in flat spacetime.Interestingly,we must integrate over the resonances,which in turn leads to an amplification of the effects of a non-zero H.This is an intriguing phenomenon,which cannot be uncovered in flat spacetime.The implications on particle creations in the early universe will be studied in a forthcoming study. 相似文献
99.
The Fefferman space of a contact Riemannian manifold carries a Lorentzian spin structure canonically. On the Lorentzian spin manifold, we investigate the Dirac operator and the twistor operator closely. In particular, we show that, if the contact Riemannian manifold is integrable, then there exist non-zero global solutions of the twistor equation. 相似文献